What types of igneous rock cooled down from magma?

1. Intrusive Igneous Rocks:

* Cool slowly underground: Magma cools and solidifies slowly beneath the Earth's surface. This slow cooling allows for the formation of large crystals.

* Characteristics: Coarse-grained texture, visible crystals (phaneritic).

* Eksempler: Granite, Gabbro, Diorite, Peridotite

2. Extrusive Igneous Rocks:

* Cool rapidly on the surface: Magma erupts onto the Earth's surface as lava, which cools and solidifies quickly. This rapid cooling results in small crystals.

* Characteristics: Fine-grained texture, small crystals or no visible crystals (aphanitic), sometimes with holes from escaping gas (vesicular).

* Eksempler: Basalt, Rhyolite, Andesite, Obsidian, Pumice

Here's a table summarizing the key differences:

| Characteristic | Intrusive | Extrusive |

|---|---|---|

| Cooling Environment | Underground | Surface |

| Cooling Rate | Slow | Rapid |

| Crystal Size | Large | Lille eller ingen |

| Texture | Grovkornet (phaneritisk) | Finkornet (afanitisk), vesikulær |

| Eksempler | Granit, Gabbro, Diorite, Peridotit | Basalt, rhyolit, andesite, obsidian, pimpsten |

Husk, at dette kun er to brede kategorier. Inden for hver kategori er der mange forskellige typer stødende klipper med forskellige mineralkompositioner og strukturer.